PSG has now secured the season-opening cup on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the net early on.
However, Marseille fired two times late to take a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the final moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to complete a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the past thirteen seasons.